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Kravica attack (1993)
The Kravica attack was a surprise attack against the Bosnian Serb village of Kravica by the Army of Bosnia and Herzegovina (ARBiH) on Orthodox Christmas Day, 7 January 1993. The assault occurred as the Bosnian Army sought to relieve the siege of Srebrenica by Serbian forces and link up with other Bosnian-government held enclaves in eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina. As many as 49 Bosnian Serbs, including civilians, were killed, 80 were injured and property was destroyed on a large scale. The civilian casualties in the village led to allegations by Serbia that Bosniak forces had carried out a massacre, and in 2006 the Bosniak commander, Naser Orić, was put on trial by the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) for this and other offences. He was acquitted of the charges relating to the killings, and later acquitted of all charges on appeal.
==Prelude==
In April 1992 in an effort to link up Serbian-held territories in Bosnia-Herzegovina; eastern Bosnia, including the towns of Srebrenica and Bratunac, came under attack by Serbian and Bosnian Serb forces. The Serbs managed to seize Bratunac on 17 April and Srebrenica itself on 18 April 1992, which was followed by large scale massacres in early May. However, in early May 1992 a loose band of Bosniak forces under the command of Naser Orić - the local police commander - was able to drive Serbian forces out of Srebrenica and establish the town as a Bosnian government controlled enclave surrounded by Serbian-held territory.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=Srebrenica: a ‘safe’ area Appendix IV History and Reminders in East Bosnia )〕 Srebrenica however remained besieged and in a state of near-starvation and Bosniak villages and towns around Srebrenica were under constant attack by Serb forces, which led the town to be flooded with refugees. The Bosnian Institute in the UK has published a list of 296 villages destroyed by Serb forces around Srebrenica three years before the genocide and in the first three months of war (April - June 1992):〔Bosnian Institute UK, the 26-page study: "(Prelude to the Srebrenica Genocide - mass murder and ethnic cleansing of Bosniaks in the Srebrenica region during the first three months of the Bosnian War (April-June 1992) )", 18 November 2010.〕
According to the Naser Orić trial judgement:〔(Naser Oric Trial Judgement, ICTY )〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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